The Geeky Mind

The shift from fossil fuels to sustainable energy is crucial, and a team of Concordia researchers is exploring an innovative solution: algae. This potential power source not only produces zero carbon emissions but also removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

Researchers at the Optical-Bio Microsystems Lab have published their findings in the journal Energies. Their paper outlines a method to harness energy from algae’s photosynthesis, using specialized power cells. These cells could power low-energy devices, such as Internet of Things (IoT) sensors.

How It Works
Kirankumar Kuruvinashetti, PhD, now a Mitacs postdoctoral associate at the University of Calgary, explains the concept: “Our micro photosynthetic power cell extracts electrons produced during photosynthesis. This process generates electricity while absorbing carbon dioxide, making it a negative carbon emission technology. The only byproduct is water.”

The power cell features an anode and a cathode chamber, separated by a honeycomb-shaped proton exchange membrane. Microelectrodes on both sides of the membrane collect charges from the algae. Each chamber measures a compact two centimeters by two centimeters by four millimeters.

Algae are suspended in a two-milliliter solution in the anode chamber, while the cathode is filled with potassium ferricyanide, an electron acceptor. During photosynthesis, algae release electrons, which are collected by the electrodes, creating a current. Protons pass through the membrane into the cathode, causing oxidation and reducing potassium ferrocyanide.

Power Generation Day and Night
PhD candidate and co-author Dhilippan Panneerselvam notes that the system works even without direct sunlight, though at a reduced intensity. “Algae constantly intake carbon dioxide and release oxygen. During respiration, they also release electrons, allowing continuous electricity generation.”

While the maximum voltage of a single cell is currently only 1.0V, professor Muthukumaran Packirisamy from the Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Engineering, believes with further research and AI-assisted integration, this technology could become a viable, affordable, and clean power source.

Additionally, this system has significant manufacturing advantages over traditional photovoltaic cells. It uses biocompatible polymers, making it easily decomposable and cheap to produce. Unlike silicon-based systems, it avoids hazardous gases and microfibres, and is easier to dispose of.

In conclusion, algae-based power cells present an exciting and sustainable energy solution, with the potential to transform how we generate and consume electricity.